Strategic Procurement Management Essay Example

Key Procurement Management Essay The conventional buying strategies for securing materials and administrations have advanced in the course of the most recent 20 years and to-day is frequently alluded to as Supply Chain Management. The straightforward meaning of gracefully chain the executives is the reconciliation of all associations engaged with supporting the client with a quality item using stock in the best and productive way. This idea is ambiguous on the grounds that it grasps various methods and approaches inside a hierarchical structure and senior officials in numerous enterprises frequently neglect to comprehend the significant job of the flexibly chain work This paper will endeavor to respond to the inquiries presented by J.R. Hardware, a Scottish gadgets organization set up during the 1980s who feel that that another upper hand must be created to keep up the companys position as a market chief. The administration of the organization have recognized the four key vital acquirement exercises of area and contact with world class providers, worldwide sourcing, E-business and a lean or coordinated way to deal with acquisition as key activities that they accept will frame the premise of their continuous bit of leeway. Recorded as a hard copy this paper I have expected that J.R. Hardware are a medium measured organization with constrained involvement with key obtainment exercises. 1. Area and contact with world class providers. We will compose a custom article test on Strategic Procurement Management explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Strategic Procurement Management explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Strategic Procurement Management explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer J.R. Gadgets must endeavor to comprehend what the meaning of a world-class provider is before they start to re-engineer their present acquisition forms. The basic response to this inquiry by the two purchasers and providers is that to accomplish world-class status a provider will offer remarkable execution in value, quality and conveyance (Tim Minahan, 1998). Terry A. Carlson, Vice President of Purchasing for the Maytag Corporation contends, that to be considered as world-class a provider must have the accompanying 3 attributes: 1. A formal (and self evident) far reaching exertion to ceaselessly improve items and procedures. 2. The capacity and readiness to adjust, items, procedures and business methodologies with clients for common achievement. 3. The demonstrated capacity to be an industry head in growing new advancements and items. Authentic world-class providers share a typical vision of nonstop improvement and a guarantee to constantly improve both their items and their procedures. Consistent improvement is a lifestyle from the shop floor laborer to the overseeing executive. The senior administration of J.R. Hardware ought not think little of the undertaking of recognizing world-class providers to commend their gracefully base. The procedure of choice will require various gatherings to decide whether the potential provider is real as its continued looking for client greatness and is equipped for meeting the entirety of their unmistakably characterized desires. J.R Electronics should think about the accompanying focuses during the choice of a forthcoming world-class provider. 1. Is the provider focused on nonstop improvement? Do they have a conventional procedure to accomplish year on year upgrades? 2. Is it accurate to say that they are an innovation head inside their market part? 3. How versatile would they say they are and would they say they will put resources into new hardware as they grow new innovations? J.R. Gadgets should likewise perceive the need to build up the relationship through shared trust and regard. Working with a world-class provider ought to be viewed as a drawn out association instead of a transient game plan. They should plainly characterize their desires and measure the presentation to their objectives and be set up to offer help when required. All the more critically J.R. Hardware must be set up to compensate great execution. This can be as long haul contracts and the sharing of cost reserve funds. 2. A move from worldwide to worldwide sourcing To keep up an upper hand in the commercial center J.R. Hardware need to consider gracefully the executives procedures that will incorporate long haul worldwide provider associations that reach out past the customary purchaser vender connections into a multi-layered overall system. The term universal sourcing has to a great extent been supplanted with the more extensive way of thinking worldwide sourcing which has been characterized by (Monczka and Trent, 1991) as the reconciliation and coordination of obtainment prerequisites across overall specialty units, taking a gander at regular things, procedures, innovations and providers. They additionally recognize universal and worldwide sourcing by perceiving that global is absence of coordination of prerequisites between overall specialty units. The advancement to worldwide flexibly the executives can be separated into three particular stages. * Stage One: International Purchasing J.R. Gadgets will concentrate on expanding volumes, limiting costs and dealing with their stock expenses. These are key qualities of an association first entering the worldwide sourcing field. * Stage Two: Global Sourcing At this stage J.R. Hardware will put more accentuation on provider ability, supporting creation techniques and overhauling client markets. * Stage Three: Global Supply Management J.R. Hardware will enhance their flexibly organizes through successful coordinations and limit the board. Dangers are limited now and providers can be viewed as vital accomplices. Partnerships at this stage are sourcing for innovation initiative. The principle advantages to be picked up from embracing a worldwide sourcing procedure are as per the following: 1. By receiving a worldwide sourcing strategy purchasers will have the option to buy parts less expensive in different pieces of the world. This is because of less expensive work rates, lower overheads, lower crude material costs, higher efficiency and decreased transportation costs. 2. Sourcing on a worldwide premise will build the quantity of expected providers to choose from. Expanded rivalry will make it simpler to shape solid long haul organizations with providers of possibly minimal effort materials. 3. Improved lead times because of expanded accessibility of parts. 4. Innovation is regularly further developed and it is very conceivable to acquire the most recent innovation from a worldwide source. 5. The nature of parts bought comprehensively is frequently higher than those purchased on the residential market. The fundamental issues that J.R. Hardware may experience with worldwide sourcing are: 1. Social issues that can cause issues because of contrasts in business manners what's more, communicated in language. This can prompt misconceptions that possibly upset and draw out the arrangement procedure. 2. Legitimate frameworks contrast from nation to nation and this can prompt significant issues. Protected innovation robbery is as of now a significant issue in The Far East especially in nations, for example, China and Taiwan. 3. Worldwide sourcing can prompt troubles when managing remote monetary forms. Conversion standard vacillations frequently sway the genuine cost paid for parts, 4. Coordinations and all the more critically the transportation of parts because of the accessibility and unwavering quality of cargo forwarders albeit most significant universal cargo organizations including BAX Global, Danzas and Schenker have all settled neighborhood workplaces and center points on an overall premise. Many significant enterprises have effectively executed worldwide sourcing techniques and these include: Motorola, IBM, Volkswagen and Dell. 3. Web based business way to deal with obtainment. Mechanical headway in the field of data innovation combined with the development of the Internet and especially The World Wide Web has prompted numerous organizations moving ceaselessly from paper based, individuals serious buying procedures to electronic purchasing strategies. It is accepted that J.R. Gadgets have had almost no introduction to web based business and are not completely mindful of the expected advantages to be picked up by embracing this system. The advantages of online business don't come without an expense. There is the underlying speculation required to buy the fundamental equipment and programming. The execution procedure requires generous asset to reexamine the inside business forms that will incorporate framework reconciliation and worker preparing. J.R. Gadgets may wish to recruit an I.T. expert who is completely familiar with the establishment of an electronic framework to guarantee that each part of the undertaking is arranged altogether ahead of time of the usage. It is additionally important that senior administration of the organization impart these progressions adequately as workers for the most part feel undermined with the presentation of new innovation. Points of interest of E-trade * Cost decrease is accomplished as productivity improves inside the buying capacity. Request handling times and expenses are diminished impressively. J.R. Gadgets may decided to actualize an Electronic Data Interchange (EDI). This framework whenever actualized can coordinate the organization to explicit providers and mechanize the parts requesting process, request status announcing and invoicing through electronic transmission. * Due to the straightforwardness of web based business it is conceivable to consider an enormous number of various providers rapidly considering both cost and lead-time. New or elective providers can be found rapidly. Internet business is accessible 7 days out of each week 24 hours every day. * There various parts intermediaries who use the internet to sell different parts and administrations. Goodrich Aerospace based at Prestwick every now and again use web based business to source providers and are individuals from the Inventory Locator Service (I.L.S.), a supported parts look mechanism for aviation organizations. * Competitive offering or E-barters

Compare and Contrast Wwi and Wii

Look at/Contrast Essay Ever since the beginning of humanity there have been wars. WWI and WWI were two of the most deadly and pulverizing wars in our history. In the two wars, the Allied Powers vanquished Germany in order to terminate German extension and strength. Albeit to some degree comparable, WWI and WWII were radically not the same as one another. WWI was brought about by an issue between nations for control of provinces, domains and assets. WWII started because of nationalistic pressures and uncertain issues from WWI.The â€Å"Great War† or the First World War propelled the change of the world, however not until after the Second World War was anything truly cultivated. WWI and WWII were comparative in that the two of them exceedingly crushed numerous nations of the world. In the two wars, Europe was devastated. Individuals were left destitute; farmland and industry were annihilated. Germany was additionally separated because of the two wars. After WWI, Germany no longe r had settlements, and they lost the Alsace-Lorraine region that shaped Poland.After WWII, Germany was split into four zones run by the Allied Nations: Britain, The United States of America, France, and the U. S. S. R. They did this to ensure that the Nazi party would not pick up control once more. The all out use for all nations associated with both WWI and WWII was gigantic. Nations like Germany, Britain, France and Russia endured extreme financial issues after both universal wars. In most European nations costs expanded incredibly after the wars. Global exchange Europe declined and thusly made a hindrance in their financial recovery.Unlike Europe, the United States was fortified by the two wars. After both WWI and WWI, peacekeeping associations were set up in order to guarantee political autonomy and regional honesty for all nations, huge and little. The League of Nations, set up in 1919 under the Treaty of Versailles, advanced worldwide partnership, harmony and security. The Lea gue of Nations ended all exercises subsequent to neglecting to forestall a subsequent universal war. The United Nations, a universal association set up in 1945, was focused on global security, social advancement, monetary turn of events, human rights and world peace.Fortunately, the United Nations so far has forestalled a whole new world encompassing war, and still assumes an essential job in worldwide harmony right up 'til the present time. The Allied Powers won the two wars and effectively upset nations like Germany and Japan from making any longer superfluous annihilation the world. WWI and WWII contrasted in that they were started contrastingly and WWII had a progressively significant impact on the total populace, economy, and culture. WWI was caused chiefly by dominion. Expanding rivalry and want for bigger realms prompted an expansion in struggle that drove the world into the â€Å"Great War†.WWII was essentially an augmentation of WWI. It was brought about by uncertain issues between nations because of the First World War. Albeit both universal wars were crushing, WWII was the deadliest military clash ever. Before the finish of WWI, it is evaluated that about 10 million individuals kicked the bucket. At the finish of WWII, the demise tally surpassed 78 million. Forty to Fifty regular folks were slaughtered in WWI, and practically 50% of them were because of war-related sickness and starvation. The all out military passings in WWII were upwards of 25 million. WWII was a worldwide clash, though WWI was battled about roughly one hundred miles of territory.Up until WWII, Europe stayed predominant strategically and militarily. Yet, after WWII, Europe was part and two new superpowers rose: the United States and the Soviet Union. The budgetary expense of the two universal wars varied definitely. $334 billion was spent during WWI and $4. 1 trillion spent during WWII. After WWI, hardly any endeavors were made to forestall monetary trouble. Be that as it m ay, after WWII the World Bank, International Trade Organization, International Monetary Fund, and the Marshall Plan were made so as to balance financial decline.While WWI and WWII have their likenesses, there are such a large number of more contrasts between the two. The two wars left Europe pulverized, caused across the board monetary pain, and were won by the Allied Powers. Then again, WWII and WWII started for altogether different reasons, and WWII had an increasingly significant impact on our general public regarding peacekeeping measures, passings, and money related expense. WWI was the starting to the shocking Second World War which changed the course of the world completely.

Books For the Brokenhearted on Valentines Day

Books For the Brokenhearted on Valentines Day Ah, here we are again, at the most romantic day of the year (debatable, maybe).  Unfortunately Valentines Day isnt everyones day every single year. Sometimes its because youre single and indifferent. Sometimes youre coupled and indifferent. Sometimes youre not only single but still piecing together the shards of your broken heart. If its  not your year (theres always the next one!), Ive got books for you to read depending on where your heart is on the brokenhearted scale that may  not only make the day more bearable but may get you further along in your efforts to get over whatever ails you. If you want to restore your faith in love Tell Me Again How A Crush Should Feel by Sara Farizan:  When in need of a pick-me -up, you really can’t go wrong with a young adult romance, and this one may be just cute enough to renew your interest in love. Though Leila hasnt been forthcoming about her sexuality, the arrival of the beautiful and charming Saskia has her doing all sorts of things shed never do.  But as Saskia and Leila’s relationship gets more and more confusing, Leila realizes some misconceptions she’s held about Saskia and other classmates, including an old friend with secrets of her own. While this one won’t make you forget about your broken heart (there are a few plot points that will likely remind you of it), there’s a nice dash of optimism to reassure you that just because all relationships don’t work out the way you want, that doesn’t mean that will be true for all of them. If you want to restore your faith in yourself A Study in Scarlet Women by Sherry Thomas: Broken hearts are the worst because they can make you believe things about yourself that aren’t true, as is typical of life’s downturns. If you’re in need of a reminder of your own worth, Charlotte Holmes is for you. Seasoned romance writer Sherry Thomas has an intriguing take on Arthur Conan Doyle’s work, where Sherlock Holmes is merely an alias for Charlotte. There’s only a smidge of romance (Charlotte calls love a “perishable good”) as our heroine focuses more on clearing her family of murder, all while coping with her new status as social outcast following a reputation-ruining scandal. Thomas captures the tone of the original material, but Charlotte is hardly just Sherlock in a dress: she’s limited by the sexism of the period, which not even her brilliant mind can bypass. She’s far from infallible, and runs into many morale-sapping obstacles, but as the (very cool) Mrs. Watson says, Do not undervalue what you are ultima tely worth because you are at a momentary disadvantage. If you want a reminder that love isn’t always that great anyway Behind Her Eyes by Sarah Pinborough:    Crack open a bottle of wine (there’s lots of wine drinking in this one) and fall into the story of single mom Louise, David, and Adele. Louise is a single mom and secretary who makes a romantic connection with David, who turns out to be marriedand her new boss. What initially sounds very Grey’s Anatomy gets only more complicated as Louise and Adele fall into a friendship, bonding over their night terrors while an oblivious David picks up where he left off with Louise.  As Louise gets closer to both of them, she begins to unravel the mystery of David and Adele’s odd marriage. Why is David prescribing Adele medication? Why does she always have to be available to take his calls? Why does Adele seem afraid to mention that shes made a new friend?  Behind Her Eyes is unusual and riveting, with a wild ending. By the time you finish, you may be more partial to a lonely Valentine’s Day, especially if this could be the alternative. If you really want to try putting your heart back together…. Why Wont You Apologize?: Healing Big Betrayals and Everyday Hurts by Harriet Lerner:  If you’re stuck on the someone who broke your heart and can’t quite figure out where to begin with mending it, Harriet Lerner is a good place to start. Using anecdotes from her life and her therapy clients, Lerner offers advice on how to apologize, how to accept apologies, and how to deal with the fact that you may never get an apology from someoneeven one you deserve. Lerner stresses how to let go of anger and sadness, but she doesn’t require forgiveness in her definition of healing so feel free to withhold it all you like while still taking strides in your own life. By the time you’re done with this you’ll at least have a blueprint to moving on and you may have a few revelations about the someone who broke your heart in the first place. If you want to wallow. So Sad Today by Melissa Broder: Broders essays arent  all about love, but they have their moments. This collection is an uncomfortably, impressively and enviably honest, recalling Broders drug use, mental health struggles and a myriad of other pains (as well as awkward-to-read things like her vomit fetish) that will make you think about all the uncomfortable and painful parts of your life. In some ways its very cathartic, in others its gutwrenching and will undoubtedly turn your mind to your cracked heart (and probably lots of other things). That being said, even Broders most deflating entries in this book are imbued with self awareness, acceptance, and quiet optimism and will encourage the same for you. Good for those of you who think the best way out is always through. If youre looking for a distraction Monstress, Volume 1: Awakening by Marjorie Liu: Maika Halfwolf survived a devastating war between humans and Arcanics, and now begins a hunt for answers. But as she begins to unravel the truth, a powerful monster within her awakens and must be fed. Literally. As Maika is hunted by foes both familiar and unknown, trusting in the monster she hates may be her best chance for survival. Unromantic, violent, with deep worldbuilding (steampunk plus monsters plus ancient beings with incredible powers), plenty of profanity, and many unanswered questions, this graphic novel is the one to dive into if youd rather keep your mind off your shattered heart. Heres to hoping your Valentines Day passes with good books and as little heartache as possible.

Books For the Brokenhearted on Valentines Day

Books For the Brokenhearted on Valentines Day Ah, here we are again, at the most romantic day of the year (debatable, maybe).  Unfortunately Valentines Day isnt everyones day every single year. Sometimes its because youre single and indifferent. Sometimes youre coupled and indifferent. Sometimes youre not only single but still piecing together the shards of your broken heart. If its  not your year (theres always the next one!), Ive got books for you to read depending on where your heart is on the brokenhearted scale that may  not only make the day more bearable but may get you further along in your efforts to get over whatever ails you. If you want to restore your faith in love Tell Me Again How A Crush Should Feel by Sara Farizan:  When in need of a pick-me -up, you really can’t go wrong with a young adult romance, and this one may be just cute enough to renew your interest in love. Though Leila hasnt been forthcoming about her sexuality, the arrival of the beautiful and charming Saskia has her doing all sorts of things shed never do.  But as Saskia and Leila’s relationship gets more and more confusing, Leila realizes some misconceptions she’s held about Saskia and other classmates, including an old friend with secrets of her own. While this one won’t make you forget about your broken heart (there are a few plot points that will likely remind you of it), there’s a nice dash of optimism to reassure you that just because all relationships don’t work out the way you want, that doesn’t mean that will be true for all of them. If you want to restore your faith in yourself A Study in Scarlet Women by Sherry Thomas: Broken hearts are the worst because they can make you believe things about yourself that aren’t true, as is typical of life’s downturns. If you’re in need of a reminder of your own worth, Charlotte Holmes is for you. Seasoned romance writer Sherry Thomas has an intriguing take on Arthur Conan Doyle’s work, where Sherlock Holmes is merely an alias for Charlotte. There’s only a smidge of romance (Charlotte calls love a “perishable good”) as our heroine focuses more on clearing her family of murder, all while coping with her new status as social outcast following a reputation-ruining scandal. Thomas captures the tone of the original material, but Charlotte is hardly just Sherlock in a dress: she’s limited by the sexism of the period, which not even her brilliant mind can bypass. She’s far from infallible, and runs into many morale-sapping obstacles, but as the (very cool) Mrs. Watson says, Do not undervalue what you are ultima tely worth because you are at a momentary disadvantage. If you want a reminder that love isn’t always that great anyway Behind Her Eyes by Sarah Pinborough:    Crack open a bottle of wine (there’s lots of wine drinking in this one) and fall into the story of single mom Louise, David, and Adele. Louise is a single mom and secretary who makes a romantic connection with David, who turns out to be marriedand her new boss. What initially sounds very Grey’s Anatomy gets only more complicated as Louise and Adele fall into a friendship, bonding over their night terrors while an oblivious David picks up where he left off with Louise.  As Louise gets closer to both of them, she begins to unravel the mystery of David and Adele’s odd marriage. Why is David prescribing Adele medication? Why does she always have to be available to take his calls? Why does Adele seem afraid to mention that shes made a new friend?  Behind Her Eyes is unusual and riveting, with a wild ending. By the time you finish, you may be more partial to a lonely Valentine’s Day, especially if this could be the alternative. If you really want to try putting your heart back together…. Why Wont You Apologize?: Healing Big Betrayals and Everyday Hurts by Harriet Lerner:  If you’re stuck on the someone who broke your heart and can’t quite figure out where to begin with mending it, Harriet Lerner is a good place to start. Using anecdotes from her life and her therapy clients, Lerner offers advice on how to apologize, how to accept apologies, and how to deal with the fact that you may never get an apology from someoneeven one you deserve. Lerner stresses how to let go of anger and sadness, but she doesn’t require forgiveness in her definition of healing so feel free to withhold it all you like while still taking strides in your own life. By the time you’re done with this you’ll at least have a blueprint to moving on and you may have a few revelations about the someone who broke your heart in the first place. If you want to wallow. So Sad Today by Melissa Broder: Broders essays arent  all about love, but they have their moments. This collection is an uncomfortably, impressively and enviably honest, recalling Broders drug use, mental health struggles and a myriad of other pains (as well as awkward-to-read things like her vomit fetish) that will make you think about all the uncomfortable and painful parts of your life. In some ways its very cathartic, in others its gutwrenching and will undoubtedly turn your mind to your cracked heart (and probably lots of other things). That being said, even Broders most deflating entries in this book are imbued with self awareness, acceptance, and quiet optimism and will encourage the same for you. Good for those of you who think the best way out is always through. If youre looking for a distraction Monstress, Volume 1: Awakening by Marjorie Liu: Maika Halfwolf survived a devastating war between humans and Arcanics, and now begins a hunt for answers. But as she begins to unravel the truth, a powerful monster within her awakens and must be fed. Literally. As Maika is hunted by foes both familiar and unknown, trusting in the monster she hates may be her best chance for survival. Unromantic, violent, with deep worldbuilding (steampunk plus monsters plus ancient beings with incredible powers), plenty of profanity, and many unanswered questions, this graphic novel is the one to dive into if youd rather keep your mind off your shattered heart. Heres to hoping your Valentines Day passes with good books and as little heartache as possible.

Industrial Revolution And The Industrial Age - 984 Words

The Industrial Revolution affected all aspects of American life, and it provoked more changes than just those in the factories. How one experienced the Industrial Revolution depended on where one lived. By 1900, more than a third of America’s people lived in cities, and city populations were growing twice as fast as the population as a whole. Between 1870 and 1920, the number of Americans living in cities increased fivefold, from 10 million to 54 million. Most of the massive industries of the Industrial Age emerged in the North. Because the work was there, these cities ballooned into metropolises. And as the cities of the North grew, economic disparities between the wealthy and the poor became more pronounced; the corporations of the Industrial Age generated enormous fortunes for a handful of people, leaving most industrial laborers living in poverty. Most of the people living in these growing cities were workers working in the new factories of the Industrial Age. The manufact urers sometimes provided company housing close to the factories so that the entire work force could walk to work. The independent builders sought quick profits and got away with throwing up inferior houses because they had no building codes. Those developers also carved up previously built single-family homes into multiple-unit dwellings called tenements, which often had thin walls and frequently lacked windows as well. These kinds of close quarters led to communal childcare networks, and they alsoShow MoreRelatedIndustrial Revolution : The Golden Age Of Invention1389 Words   |  6 PagesThe twentieth century was the golden age of invention. No doubt about it. No other century could ever come close to the technological advancement developed then that has such an impact on our modern lives. But another era of invention that is not as cool, relevant, or recent enough to remember is the Industrial Revolution. 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Golf Psychology Essay - 976 Words

Many great golf players use golf psychology to help them win major tournaments. They knew they were very talented, but needed to score a little bit better and become more consistent to achieve an elite level. Buying more expensive equipment was not the secret and neither was practicing to the point of sheer exhaustion. It has to do with the proven scientific discipline of psychology and changing your way of thinking. It helps you over come the pressure associated with tournament play and coping with a constant barrage of questions from fans and the media. It only takes a short time to change your thinking so you can start winning. 2- When my golf game was not improving regardless of how much I practiced, I decided to use one of the golf†¦show more content†¦First of all, I was not preparing myself mentally before playing, and I kept losing focus throughout the game. I practiced the mend bending techniques presented and hoped I could use them in play. I was also not maximizing my practice sessions to the fullest potential. As I develop more confidence, I will improve my game and quit dwelling on the bad shots. Fretting about one missed shot can ruin an entire game of golf, and I was guilty of doing this. 5- It took a golf psychology book to teach me how to improve my own thinking which would lead to improving my golf game. When things start going terribly wrong on the course, you should never ever get depressed and down on yourself. You need to develop a mental image that envisions things going right. This imagery has much more power than you might think. It is along the same lines as the power of positive thinking which is a popular yet truthful catch phrase, especially on the golf course. Almost every successful pro prepares himself mentally for the game through this effective visualization technique. 6- A few years ago when my golf game was really suffering, I hired a swing coach to help me improve. He helped me go from a 38 handicap to a 17 handicap in 2 years, but I wanted to be even better. I attended a golf psychology seminar and bought the tapes and the book and I began to study and practice everything they talked about. 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Discrimination Lawsuit Against Walgreens Co - 937 Words

In 2005, private plaintiffs filed a class action racial discrimination lawsuit against Walgreens, their employer in the case Tucker v. Walgreen Co., Case No. 05-CV-440-GPM. The plaintiffs alleged that Walgreens Co. practiced a national, cultural discrimination against African American employees and managers. Walgreens did this by denying their rights to be selected for entry-level positions of Assistant Manager or Management Trainees, rejecting any promotions for African American employees in the retail or pharmacy career paths, and placing African American employees in predominately African American or lower income stores. The plaintiffs sought to receive declaratory and injunctive relief, as well as compensation and punitive damages. The plaintiffs also pursued class certification for all African American employees nationwide. In the fall of 2006, the plaintiffs filed a second complaint which the defendant moved to dismiss. In winter of 2006, the District Court denied the defendant s motion to dismiss the complaint. The following year, in March 2007, the EEOC filed an autonomous racial discrimination lawsuit against Walgreen in the U.S. District Court. This case was renamed EEOC v. Walgreen Company, 07-CV-00172-MJR-CJP. The EEOC then filed a motion to consolidate the EEOC case with the Tucker v. Walgreen case. When the motion to consolidate was granted, both parties were ordered to file all future pleadings in the Tucker v. Walgreen case. On March 24th, 2008, the judgeShow MoreRelatedWalgreens3673 Words   |  15 PagesWalgreens Co – Progress Report 1 Company Background: A) What is the ticker symbol of your company? Identify the stock exchange(s) where your company stock trades. The corporate name of the Walgreens drugstore chain is Walgreens Co, as identified on Form 10-5 (SEC Filing). The company is traded in the NYSE under the ticker symbol ‘WAG’. 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Witness in Life, Word and Deed... free essay sample

Witness in Life, Word and DeedUnderstanding church mission in this time, we need to trace the thread of the historical interaction between the issue of mission in according to these two traditions: Evangelical which mission is focusing primarily in proclaiming the gospel while Ecumenical is focused in social action for justice and mercy. This chapter starts with that history and examines to both sides of the church mission today. And concerning of the believers calling in the society where words and deeds plays the most significant role in witnessing the kingdom.Church mission is to proclaim salvation and encourage others to share their faith in Jesus Christ. Our words and deeds reflect the way we live our lives in connection on how the kingdom of God present in the Christian world as a gift of the Spirit. Jesus demonstrates both words and deeds which are essential in relationship with mission and witnessing the kingdom of God. We will write a custom essay sample on Witness in Life, Word and Deed or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page His words are being showed by his actions and his action give substance to his words. The church needs to be the witness, by doing it and saying in In the same way, let your light shine before others so that they may see your good deeds and glorify your Father in heaven (Mt 5:16 NIV). Probably, good works embrace all the ways that Gods people witness to the kingdom in daily life, both word and deed, in personal relationships and through acts of righteousness and compassion. Good deeds are public and missional. Their ultimate purpose is to lead those who see them to offer glory to God through the quality of their character and loving behavior to attract others to worship of the true and living God. (Dean Flemming, Reclaiming the Full Mission of God, pp 98-99) To participate in Gods, work for the Kingdom is the mission of the church as a general goal. We all need salvation for all things has been created by Gods purpose. And the Kingdom of God is announced in the gospel, the good news about our Lord Jesus Christ who defeated the evil and give people new hope, in the present times and in the future of humanity. How can it be done? If the church is faithfully witnessing the gospel, it must be seen and visible as a community gives for the sake of the other and also dee ply involved in concerns to the surroundings. The very important contribution which the church can do according to this book in facing the enormous issues and problems of our day today is to nourish the people, so they can live out the gospel in their life callings. The good news that Jesus preached and in by his grace God is restoring his rule over the entire creation and in every area of the life of his people. This means that the gospel is all restorative and comprehensive and that all the humanity is being restored by the Spirit of Christ in whatever traditions it may be.ConclusionThis chapter often refers to the importance of the church, specially the local church, as a representative of Gods cosmic, encompassing the agenda. Because of the importance of the church in the advance of this, Gods holistic purpose. We close with this prayerful observations and admonition. Pauls letter to the Ephesians contains one of the clearest and understandable descriptions of the purpose of the church. He says that God has chosen the church to administer his agenda for the reconciliation of all things and that it is through the church that God will demonstrate this, his manifold and eternal purpose (Ephesians 3:9-11 and Colossians 1:20)Redemption was completed on the cross, but God has given the church the task of administering the process of restoration through our walk with Christ until his return.

With the Horns of a Lamb and the Voice of a Dragon free essay sample

This paper discusses Marilyn Mansons autobiography. This paper examines the checkered and violent life life of Marilyn Manson, the hard rocking singing star from his childhood, as an outcast and rebel to his development as a singer. It also examines how the events in his life, as discussed in the book, are reflected in his music. From the paper: Marilyn Mansons book, The Long Hard Road out of Hell, tells the dramatic story of one mans metamorphoses from an innocent, sensitive child to a hardened, fame splattered rock star whose name was synonymous for millions of people with evil itself. If it were written differently, it might be a book to make one cry: the pathetic story of an outcast boy who can never quite seem to be good enough, and finally embraces an illusion of evil in order to make himself powerful. However, the pathos is rather directly thwarted by the immense humor and strength of the central character and narrator. We will write a custom essay sample on With the Horns of a Lamb and the Voice of a Dragon or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Marilyn is not sitting about feeling sorry for himself, any more than the any winged insect which has gone through metamorphosis sits about bemoaning all its time spent writhing about in the dirt. He faces the dirty aspects of his childhood with a gentle mix of contempt and sympathy for the snot-nosed brat he was. One might also find pitiable the struggle of the grown man to overcome the coldness within him, yet at the same time there is a sense of Becomingness within that coldness, of a winter that is already naturally breaking itself into spring.

Thinking styles and forces of essays

Thinking styles and forces of essays This paper will discuss an organizational problem that occurred in my workplace. The problem is that of a growing business faced with either expanding and training to meet the needs of a growing client base or loosing business to competitors. I will first describe the control measures. I will then frame this problem in several different settings. Next, I will describe some of the different types of thinking used for each problem. I will then forces of influence on the problem. I will explain some of the symptoms of the major problem and give solutions for them. Lastly, I will provide an answer to the dilemma of "How do we accept each other's differences and still get anything done?" To describe a recent organizational problem, I need to explain my workplace. I work as the Automations specialist for a non-emergency medical transport company called LifeStar Ambulette (an Ambulette is a vehicle that transports non-emergency patients). We transport non-emergency stretcher, ambulatory and wheelchair patients to doctors appointments, dialysis, and events that they need to attend. We provide a service that is cost affective for insurance companies, hospitals and private patients. The cost of transporting with an ambulette is one-third the cost of using a regular ambulance. Now that you have a basic understanding of the company, I will present our organizational problems and their forces of influence. A larger ambulance company that operates in a very different way and on a larger scale bought the company. The former name of our ambulette company was Laidback Transport and they were just that, laid back. The company that bought out Laidback Lifestar Ambulance was more organized and meticulous in its way of doing business. Lifestar Ambulance bought out the former owners and it retained all of the employees. This created a problem ...

Economics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Economics - Research Paper Example Not just did it prompt the New Deal in America, however all the more fundamentally, it was an immediate reason for the ascent of fanaticism in Germany expediting World War II. 1. Stock Market Crash of 1929 Numerous accept mistakenly that stocks slam that happened on 29th, which is also known as the Black Tuesday, is the same thing as the Great Depression of 1929. In fact, this is one essential reason that further expedited the Great Depression. Two months after the definitive collision that took place in the month of October, stockholders had to let go of around $40 billion dollars (Walton and Rockoff). In spite of the fact that money markets started to recover some of its misfortunes, toward the conclusion of 1930, it simply was insufficient and America without a doubt entered what is known as the Great Depression. 2. American Economic Policy with Europe As organizations started coming up short, the legislature made the Smoot-Hawley Tariff in 1930 to help secure American organizatio ns. This charged a high assess for imports along these lines accelerating less exchange between America and remote nations on top of some budgetary striking back. 3. Bank Failures All around the 1930s over 9,000 banks fizzled. Bank stores were uninsured and accordingly as banks failed individuals essentially lost their investment funds. Surviving banks, unsure of the budgetary circumstance and concerned for their survival, quit being as eager to make new advances. This aggravated the circumstances expediting less and less uses (Cravens). 4. Reduction in Purchasing Across the Board With the stock exchange slam and the reasons for alarm of further monetary hardships, people from all classes quit acquiring things. This then prompted a lessening in the amount of things processed and in this way a decrease in the workforce. As individuals lost their employments, they were unable to stay aware of paying for things they had purchased through portion arranges and their things were repossess ed. More stock started to amass. The unemployment rate climbed above 25% which implied, obviously, even less using to help mitigate the budgetary circumstance (Walton and Rockoff). 5. Drought Conditions Whilst not an immediate reason for the Great Depression, the dry spell that took place in the Valley of Mississippi Valley in 1930 occurred at such an extent that numerous couldn't even pay their assessments or different obligations and needed to offer their ranches for no benefit to themselves. The zone was nicknamed "The Dust Bowl." 2) Why did the Great Depression last so long? In the wake of being a shut book for quite some time, economists have returned to the Great Depression utilizing later advancements as a part of monetary hypothesis and quantitative strategies. This new examination is amazing, as it uncovers that some parts of the Depression differentiate pointedly with long-standing descriptions (Walton and Rockoff). The routine perspective is that the Depression started as an arrangement mixture subsidence, which then turned into the Depression through saving money emergencies and the disappointment of the Federal Reserve to grow the cash supply. This view additionally contends that the recuperation from the Depression was on track until 1937, when the Fed raised bank hold necessities and President Roosevelt diminished financial boost. In any case the quick profundity and the constant span of the Depression are conflicting with conventional

Physics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Physics - Assignment Example Consequently, by dividing the weight of the pet turtle with the gravitational constant, then the value found is approximately one kilogram; that in this case is the mass of the turtle. Force acting on a given object is directly proportional to its mass. Similarly, the constant of proportionality in this case, is the acceleration. In an instance that may see, the increase in the force acting on the object, while decreasing its mass, will in this case lead to increase in its acceleration. Every idea in the field of science has some principles that lead to the explanation of its originality. For this reason, that is why there are always other options of verifying the validity of the facts so that it fit within the demands of the present. Such tests on the facts also make it possible for correction of errors that theory came with from its original inventors The mistake here is failure to have the knowledge of expressing very huge numbers into standard figures. For this case, expression of 4,000 in standard form would be 4.0*103 which is the correct answer for justifying the figure to have three significant

Fauji Fertilizer Company Ffc Background Management Essay

Fauji Fertilizer Company Ffc Background Management Essay In 2002, FFC acquired ex Pak Saudi Fertilizers Limited Urea Plant, situated at Mirpur Mathelo. This acquisition, worth PKR 8,151 million, is one of the largest industrial sector transactions in Pakistan to date. Today, FFC has three plants with a combined capacity of 5,770 MTPD of prilled urea. It is one of the thirty biggest companies of Pakistan, represented via the KSE-30.2 Along with being one of the largest urea producers in the country, FFC is involved in training manpower and providing turnaround services within Pakistan and in the Middle East. A timeline of the evolution of FFC ensues.3 1978: Incorporation of the Company. 1982: Commissioning of Plant I, Goth Machhi with annual capacity of 570 thousand tonnes. 1991: Listed with Karachi and Lahore Stock Exchanges. 1992: Through the De-Bottle Necking (DBN) programme, the production capacity of Plant I was increased to 695 thousand tonnes per year. 1992: Listed with Islamabad Stock Exchange. 1993: Commissioning of Plant II, Goth Machhi with annual capacity of 635 thousand tonnes of Urea. 1993: Initial investment in Fauji Fertilizer Bin Qasim Limited, a DAP and Urea manufacturing concern; currently stands at Rs 4.75 billion representing 50.88% equity share. 1997: With achievement of Quality Management System certification in Goth Machhi, FFC became the first fertilizer plant in Pakistan to achieve this distinction. 2002: FFC acquired ex Pak Saudi Fertilizers Limited (PSFL) Urea Plant situated in Mirpur Mathelo (Plant III) with annual capacity of 574 thousand tonnes of urea, which was the largest industrial sector transaction in Pakistan at that time. 2003: FFC obtained certification of Occupational Health Safety Assessment Series, OHSAS-18001:1999. 2004: With investment in Pakistan Maroc Phosphore, Morocco S.A. of Rs 706 million, FFC has equity participation of 12.5% in PMP. 2008: Investment of Rs 1.5 billion in Fauji Cement Company Limited, currently representing 6.79% equity participation. 2008: DBN of Plant III was executed and commissioned successfully for enhancement of capacity to 718 thousand tonnes annually. 2010: Investment in FFC Energy Limited, Pakistans first wind power electricity generation project. 2011: SAP ERP implemented in the Company, improving business processes by reducing time lags and duplication of work. Vision Pakistan is a burgeoning market, not just in terms of head count, but also in advancement in the way agri-business is now carried out. Gone are the days of antiquated fertilizers, instead, only the best is now sought. FFC foresees this market to be extremely lucrative. It wants customers to benefit from its palette of product offerings, both domestic and outside the home country. It seeks to be thought of as not just the best there is, but also as a conscientious and caring company. FFC aims to be positioned as a very well-rounded organization in the minds of all its stakeholders, whether external or internal. Its value chain has quality at its core. It strives to be successful via total integration of streamlined processes, incomparable products, driven and motivated workforce, and extraordinary service, all the while staying ahead of the competition and continuously scanning the market. Corporate Strategy Our flexible and dynamic corporate strategy strives for enhancing customer satisfaction by adding value over the long run. We aim at creating value for the stakeholders by maintaining and improving our competitive position in the market. This is achieved by focusing on our sustainable competitive advantage that is derived by continuously assembling and exploiting an appropriate combination of resources and capabilities in response to the changing market conditions. Our organizational culture is one of our most fundamental competitive advantages. We have built and preserved an innovation-adept culture, a culture that promotes transparency and accountability through honesty, integrity and diligence in our dealing with employees, customers, financial market, government, regulatory authorities, and all the other stakeholders. Diversification in business line is also being considered. Our unique corporate strategy gets aligned with the resource allocation system and flows down to the oper ational levels, thus ensuring its implementation at all levels along with the achievement of the intended results.6 FFC focuses on value addition. This means that everyone at the company tries to make each subsequent year better than the previous one. This enhances the value creation process. For this, the corporate strategy is characterised by flexibility and innovation, which are also the core components of the culture of the organization. FFC prides itself on having been able to develop a culture which is innovative, transparent, and honest. Innovation allows FFC to be able to anticipate and prepare for change, by aligning its internal strengths with the external opportunities. Transparency enables FFC to satisfy every stakeholders requisites, since nothing is swept under the rug. This promotes diligent behaviour and accountability at all levels. Honesty is a trait which is valued from the very top to the very bottom of the hierarchy at FFC. It is this particular combination of all the above that the culture is both employee centric and customer centric. The human element, be it in the form of a worker/manager or a customer, is highly valued at FFC. Therefore, while the former is kept abreast of everything that goes on in the organization, the latter is assured of premium quality product and premium quality service every single time. Organization is all about teamwork. FFC is aware of this, which is why it demands uncompromising integrity and hard work from all individuals, so that the sum is greater than the parts. There is mutual understanding, trust, and interdependence. In return, FFC has a very worker friendly environment. Commitments within the company as well as with business partners, suppliers and customers are valued and kept. FFC is founded upon the principles7 of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Honesty in communication; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Excellence in products and services; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Consistency and synchronisation in words and actions; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Compassion in relationships within the micro and mega environments of the organization; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Fairness to all stakeholders through adherence to laws, regulations and policies. FFCs Financial Health Fauji Fertilizer Company (FFC) enjoys stable gas supply from Mari gas fields because they come under Fauji Foundations ownership. This translates into a huge competitive advantage over other fertilizer manufacturers, which are linked with the Sui-based networks. Financial highlights of FFC for the current year appear in the table below. These are for the period ended September 30, 2012.8 2012 (Rs 000) 2011 (Rs 000) Turnover 29,208,413 36,321,157 Cost of sales -22,778,306 -22,565,347 Gross Profit 6,430,107 13,755,810 Administrative Expenses -677,700 -550,247 Other Income 695,185 1,092,089 Taxation -991,876 -3,721,386 Profit after Tax 2,130,481 7,169,794 Earnings per share (Rs.) 2.28 7.68 Source: FFCs Annual Report for the Third Quarter, 2012 Revenue increased by 49% during the first half of 2012, due to high urea prices and sales of imported DAP. FFC urea sales exceeded 500,000 tons in June, which made up for declining sales in the first five months of 2012. In total, urea sales were up by 6% to 1.2 million tons in the period under review.9 Urea prices remained volatile from April to June 2012, as the GoP decided on a price slash for May, along with an announcement of reversal of Rs 50 per bag in June. This was much needed so as to be able to compete with cheaper imported fertilizer, due to government subsidy on it. FFCs urea plant underwent 30% gas curtailment last year, which was ten percent more than that decided for the plants operating on the Sui gas network. This resulted in an extended shutdown of 27 days of the urea plant, and a decline of 17% in urea production, on a YoY basis. The scenario on the DAP front was opposite to the one on the urea front. In spite of the gas curtailment, FFC managed to operate the DAP plant at a level which exceeded 2010s production level of 0.66 million tons. Due to the imposition of Gas Infrastructure and Development Surcharge (GIDS), gross profit margin was 47% during April to June 2012, a decline of 12.52 percentage points on a yearly basis. This was also exacerbated by the net reduction of Rs 100 per bag of urea during the same period. Other income was unable to support the bottom line as it declined by 15%, mainly due to lack of dividend earning from subsidiary Fauji Fertilizer Bin Qasim Limited. Financial charges increased by 36% which can be explained by the increase in short-term borrowings. However, long-term borrowings have declined, and the Company was able to have a very healthy debt to equity ratio (19% in 2011 as compared to 49% in 2006). Debt increased due to the Companys decision to revamp its urea and DAP plants several years back. FFC has been able to repay its long-term obligations because of its sustainable revenue stream. 10 IT Vision The IT Strategy at FFC shall complement our Corporate Vision by business transformation through technology innovation, introducing best practices and connecting our processes for timely information and optimized performance to succeed in our endeavours.11 Information Systems SAP project: the implementation of SAP ERP is finally complete, with the transformation from Legacy to SAP system gone smoothly at all locations. BMS: a Building Management System (BMS) is a centralized computer based control system, linking equipment for ventilation, fire, security, power, etc. onto one platform, which enables timely and coordinated response to different facilities at the same time. Also, the integrated end-to-end system optimizes energy consumption. Electronic recruitment: FFC launched an online career portal in accordance with its HR department, and development of the portal by its IT division. All this has been done to make the recruiting process efficient, and to match individuals to jobs. SAP implementation support: IT at all locations provided support to SAP users in learning to use and adapt to SAP. This support comprised of trainings, onsite and offsite support, and troubleshooting. Technical support was also provided to help resolve outstanding issues, in alliance with functional teams at SAP Project Office. Information Security Penetration testing at branch sites: the information security department contributed hugely in that it secured its information network post SAP implementation. It assessed the potential threats which could pose a security risk towards the FFC network and/or the SAP system. Security awareness sessions at branch sites and the Head Office: the importance of information security was imparted to employees everywhere via awareness sessions. Some of the key points covered in these sessions were security risks, threat vectors, hacking trends, etc. More than 200 employees of FFC attended these sessions at their respective sites. Business Model Fauji Fertilizer Company has several important factors at the heart of its business. These have been summed up in a business model, with three components, at FFC. Growth Drivers FFCs growth is primarily driven by exponential expansion in sales revenue, powered by strong demand for our product and effective distribution network all over the country. Efficiency enhancement is our long term goal. We continuously seek opportunities to improve efficiency of our business processes to optimise costs, utilising less to produce more. Our sales are largely cash based, which gives us the margin to effectively utilise available cash resources to fulfil the Companys working capital requirements, and hence minimise external funding requirements resulting in reduced finance costs. 12 What fuels growth at FFC? The retained earnings, which are the result of ever increasing demand for fertilizer. The Company is cost effective, which allows it to reduce dependency on external funding. Our Key Assets Human capital is by far our most treasured asset, directly affecting performance of the Companys business processes, ensuring success every year. Among our most valuable assets is our brand name Sona, which is the soul behind our existence, growth and prosperity. We are continuously investing in our production facilities to enhance operational efficiency and fuel the key growth drivers. Our extensive distribution network extends to all provinces of the Country, ensuring maximum market presence.13 What makes FFC click? Its workforce. Its brand name, Sona, which helped in putting FFC on the map. Investment in production facilities to have lean operations. Strong distribution. How We Leverage Our Assets Our assets in turn are leveraged by our management excellence and our consumer centric approach. Our strategies are focused around consumer satisfaction and quality perfection. The pursuit of excellence in every sphere of operation is our aim which ensures continued success. Our farsighted management strategies are focused on development of our key assets which form the foundation for future growth.14 Success at FFC results from managerial excellence, focus on the customer, no compromise on quality, and a long term orientation. REVIEW OF TECHNOLOGY USED SAP ERP SAP AG (Systems, Applications, and Products in Data Processing) is a German multinational software corporation, which makes enterprise software to manage business operations, customer relations, operations, and record keeping. SAP ERP15 (Enterprise Resource Planning) is an integrated software solution that utilizes and consolidates information from all business functions and departments in an organization. It provides solutions for the following aspects of any business, with the modules in bullet points: SAP ERP Financials Accounts payable/Accounts receivable Financial reporting Risk management/Regulatory compliance Cash flow monitoring Travel management SAP ERP Human Capital Management HR and payroll Labour force analysis Placement/Recruitment and training/Talent management SAP ERP Operations Procurement and logistics Product development and manufacturing Sales and service Operations analytics Implementation On January 10th, 2011, one of the biggest feathers in FFCs cap was the implementation of the SAP, under its transition to an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system. Abacus Consulting was its technical partner and consultant. Initially, SAP was used in tandem with FFCs old system, Legacy, but eventually, the latter was completely done away with. FFC holds the distinction of pioneering the introduction of an ERP system in Pakistan.16 FFCs management went ahead with the idea of SAP implementation believing that it would create value addition in departments of marketing, supply chain, finance, accounting, human resource, and procurement, amongst others. The SAP implementation at FFC was carried out in several phases. Despite the management being satisfied with the entire revamping program, the system is not without its drawbacks. The most crucial of these is that SAP cannot be operated optimally until the user has complete command over its functions. Therefore, consultants and/or specialists are required if SAP has to be fully utilized for its benefits at such an early stage of its installation. SAP ERP consists of several modules and sub-modules, an outline of which appears above. The software takes the information, data, statistics, etc. from all the modules, and combines them to facilitate the organizations decision making, process streamlining, human effort expended, through product design and development, production and inventory control, human resources, finance and accounting. This overall procedure is known as enterprise resource planning, and it is carried out on a companywide scale. If this procedure is carried out correctly, any organization can transcend from its old system to this fully integrated software. The magnitude of benefits to be reaped is huge, e.g. efficient business processes, inventory reduction, and lead time reduction, to name a few. Updates in SAP only need to be done once, and they automatically get implemented company-wide. It provides real time information, reducing the possibility of redundancy errors, shortages, and higher TATs. Areas like s upply chain, procurement, finance and accounting stand to benefit greatly. On the other end of the spectrum, there are the negative aspects. Firstly, the software is anything but cheap. Secondly, it is not just expensive; it is very technical, sophisticated, and intricate. Companies face problems while implementing SAP ERP software, for example, failing to be specific about operational objectives, no orientation towards change, flexibility, and futuristic perspective, and lack of a learning organization. The following sections detail some of the major advantages and disadvantages of using SAP.17, 18 Advantages of SAP Integration: SAP does not focus on or improve individual performance, so the goal of using SAP should be getting benefits from integration. This reduces erroneous data entry and overlapping entries. Flexibility: SAP allows organizations to create their own framework of operations within the SAP structure. This framework dictates issues like access levels of employees, signoffs required at which level, flagged and correct transactions, etc. For example, FFC has the authority to determine which employee can access what area in the SAP structure. Analytical software: apart from being able to keep track of various activities going on simultaneously, both short- and long-term, SAP has in-built analytical features. For example, it can monitor the value chain, and then evaluate when the next shipment or order is due, and time it accordingly. Monitoring, evaluation, decision making, and execution, are all enabled via the usage of SAP, all at once. Disadvantages of SAP Expensive: being able to utilize SAP optimally entails software, hardware, implementation, consulting, training, hiring specialists, programmers, repair and maintenance staff, etc. Employees have to be trained in those aspects of the software that they have access to. The story does not end here, because trainers might leave after training personnel, but the repair and maintenance experts need to be kept on retainer. Other ongoing costs include those incurred for software up gradation. If IT experts or consultants are outsourced, even that increases the labour costs of the organization overall. Hidden costs arise along the way of SAP systems integration projects. SAP projects are expensive enough to begin with. Add to that the burden of additional unanticipated costs, and the corporation can say goodbye to a high ROI. A common example of such a cost is those work items that were not part of the original project plan. These include custom modifications, applying more resources to areas of the implementation that were outside the project plan, etc. Detrimental to user accuracy: software does not have the ability to detect errors, and SAP is no exception. It also falls prey to the carried-forward error. The employees know that once a wrong entry has been made, it will be a part of the entire database of information. This makes employees/users more susceptible to make mistakes. Complexity: due to this feature of SAP, organizations spread out the implementation over a period of time, rather than all at once. The complete implementation might take several years, which also enhances employees skill set in pieces. The time taken for complete integration might become so exhaustive that the managements focus on post-integration planning be pushed into oblivion. The management might just settle for the system integration, and unconsciously avoid what is coming after the integration. Management: project managers, in some instances, have to deal with problems and provide solutions, instead of the users who logged in the original complaints into SAP. The software calls for scope management, which not every employee is capable of. ORACLE E-BUSINESS SUITE Oracle Corporation is an American multinational specializing in developing software for enterprises, with a focus on database management systems. It also has software for enterprise resource planning (ERP), customer relationship management (CRM) and supply chain management (SCM), to name a few.19 The company offered software for the financial aspect of businesses in late 1980s. Now however, its product palette is not just limited to ERP, CRM, or SCM, instead it reaches into areas like warehouse management, human resource, procurement, product lifecycle management, etc. Expansion and growth of Oracles application software business has come about through acquisitions and in-house developments. Oracle resorted to product bundling when it came up with its Oracle E-Business Suite Release 12 (Oracle EBS R12). This version keeps Oracles core database management system technology intact, and the E-Business Suite branches out into several product lines.20 Oracle CRM Oracle Financials Oracle HRMS Oracle Mobile Supply Chain Applications Oracle Order Management Oracle Procurement Oracle Project Portfolio Management Oracle Quotes Oracle Transportation Management Oracle Warehouse Management Systems Oracle Inventory Oracle Enterprise Asset Management FERTILIZER INDUSTRY REVIEW For many developing countries, the focus is on economic recovery after the financial crisis of 2007-08. However, issues of increasing population and rising food prices have made food security a big concern for policy makers as well. The latter two issues are equally, if not more, important for the underdeveloped countries, and Pakistan is no exception. Pakistan is an agro-based economy. The agriculture sector has provided the impetus for economic growth. This can be observed by the fact that it provides employment to almost 45% of the total labour force, in one way or the other. It is a seasonal sector, so there are jobs all-year round. On the reverse side of this picture, income generated from this sector fuels demand for products made by other sectors (industrial and tertiary). This interdependence, so to speak, is indicative of the importance of this sector for Pakistan. Almost 21% of GDP is contributed by the agricultural sector.21 Some major crops and their contribution appear below: Crops Production (kt) 2009/10 Production CAGR 2000/01 2009/10 Yield (Kt/Acre) 2009/10 Gross Value Addition of Major Crops Wheat 23,864 2.60% 1.07 39% Cotton 2,159 1.90% 0.28 22% Rice 6,883 4.20% 0.97 18% Sugarcane 49,373 1.30% 21.2 10% Source: Economic Survey of Pakistan 2009/10 The agriculture sector of Pakistan was adversely affected due to the floods approximately two and a half years ago. They had damaged around 30% of the agricultural area, and resulted in crop losses worth USD 2.5 billion. This flood damage also affected the fertilizer sector. This is due to the evident strong inter linkages between the agriculture sector and the fertilizer industry.22 Crop-wise damage and the area affected are shown in the table below. Crops Affected Area (mn acres) Area Affected Cotton 1.3 17% Rice 1.4 23% Sugarcane 0.4 16% Source: Fertilizers in Pakistan. Demand, Production and Imports. By Eqan Ali Khan, Business Head, Fert and Agri Commodities; Mar 30, 2011 The fertilizer industry in Pakistan is basically an oligopoly. This oligopoly is characterised by 4 major players in the market: Fauji Fertilizer Company, Fauji Fertilizer Bin Qasim Limited, Engro Fertilizer, and Dawood Hercules Fertilizer. A new and fast growing addition is Fatima Fertilizer, of the Fatima Group. If we look at the production of urea by the four companies respective contribution, FFC and FFBL dominate by producing 48% of the total, Engro produces 15%, and Dawood Hercules produces 6%. Almost 20% is imported and distributed through NFML. When we look at the production of phosphorus, a similar pattern emerges. FFC and FFBL stand at 47%, Engro at 28%, Agritech at 2%, RG at 1% and around 22% is imported. C:Documents and SettingsAdministratorDesktopUntitled.png Source: Fertilizers in Pakistan. Demand, Production and Imports. By Eqan Ali Khan, Business Head, Fert and Agri Commodities; Mar 30, 2011 Fertilizer production is concentrated in nitrogenous fertilizers, which comprises 85% of all fertilizers produced in the country. Although other types of fertilizers are also produced in Pakistan, the main reason for this concentration on nitrogenous fertilizers is that its main raw material, i.e. natural gas, is cheaply available in the country. The raw material for other fertilizers such as potassium and phosphate has to be imported.23 Fertilizer is Pakistans most important and expensive input in agricultural production. The contribution that the use of balanced fertilizer makes towards increasing yield varies from around 30 to 60 percent in different crops production. Almost all of Pakistans soil is deficient in nitrogen (N), 80 to 90 percent is deficient in phosphorus (P), and 30 percent is lacking in potassium (K).24 Land used for just one type of crop is facing declining fertility, for the obvious reason that only certain nutrients are being used. When these land holdings are not used in crop rotation, the soil does not get replenished, and productivity for future crops declines. Nutrient Actual (Kg/Acre) Recommended (Kg/Acre) Nitrogen 41 41 Phosphorous 9 20.5 Potassium 0.4 10.3 Source: Fertilizers in Pakistan. Demand, Production and Imports. By Eqan Ali Khan, Business Head, Fert and Agri Commodities; Mar 30, 2011 From July 2011 to March 2012, domestic production of fertilizer decreased by 1.4%. This was the result of the industry experiencing a curtailment in the supply of natural gas, which is the main raw material for producing urea, therefore some urea plants produced less than their production capacity. However, import of urea made up for this slack, increasing the supply of fertilizer by 16.3%. On the consumption side however, this increase in supply was met by a reduction of 4.9%. Screen Shot 2012-11-19 at 11.55.38.png Source: Fertilizers in Pakistan. Demand, Production and Imports. By Eqan Ali Khan, Business Head, Fert and Agri Commodities; Mar 30, 2011 Two major reasons for this reduced fertilizer consumption was the heavy and destructive rains in Sindh province, and the price hike faced by all fertilizers. The price of urea went up by 81.4% in July-March, 2011-12 (as compared to the same period of the last fiscal year). The prices of DAP, CAN and NP also increased by 38.8%, 75.5%, and 45.7%, respectively, over the same period last year.25 Fertilizer Pre-GST Co. to Dealer Transfer Prices (Rs/Ton) Taxation Impact Post GST Co. to Dealer Transfer Prices (Rs/Ton) Urea 20,400 13.20% 23,100 DAP 66,025 19.14% 78,660 MOP 48,200 17.05% 56,420 Source: Engro Analytics The actual price which the dealer faces is truly seen after the tax burden has been accounted for. The differential is huge, as the figures in the table above show. Pakistan is able to produce approximately 7 million tons of urea annually currently. Out of this total, capacity of 4 million tons is dependent upon gas from Mari gas fields, and the other 3 million tons on Sui Northern Gas Pipeline (SNGPL) and Sui Southern Gas Company (SSGC). During 2011, all these plants produced a little less than 5 million tons of urea.26 In the past, gas supply to fertilizer units linked to SNGPL was curtailed in winter. However, last year, units receiving gas from Mari faced 20% curtailment, and the ones getting gas from SGGPL and SSGC faced mandatory closure up to 60 days. In 2012, this mandatory closure is expected to exceed 90 days. The sorry state of affairs can be assessed by the fact that from January 1 till October 31, 2011, fertilizer plants on the SNGPL network received the equivalent of just 3.5 days of gas per week, relative to other sectors, which received 4 to 5 days of gas a week. For the fertilizer industry, gas is an input without which it cannot manufacture urea, whereas for other sectors, it is not an absolute necessity.27 If current levels of gas curtailment are adhered to, industry experts expect urea production to be around 4.8 million tons during 2012. However, this is an optimistic number. Realistically, units will probably have difficulty in achieving even this production level, mainly due to the widening gap between demand and supply of gas as projected by the government. It is pertinent to bear in mind that even if subsidy on gas were to be completely abolished by the Government, Fauji Foundation has under its ownership and control Mari gas fields. In a manner of speaking, backward vertical integration exists, so any adverse change in regulations regarding gas subsidy will not be detrimental to FFCs operations. With the demand for urea forecasted to be 6.3 million tons in 2012, the shortfall is expected to be around 1.5 million tons. This is a very bleak scenario for the economy, since internal capacity is well able to meet this demand. Externally, when imports will be resorted to, they will erode the countrys foreign exchange by USD 600 million, at the very least, based on current prices, and may be even more costly if international prices rise. It is expected that any hike in crude oil prices will automatically escalate urea prices in the international markets. Growing tension between the United States and Iran has already initiated a spiraling increase in global crude oil prices.28 Under consideration is the possibility that urea manufacturers should exercise the LNG import option to meet the shortfall in gas supply. There exist two schools of thought regarding this debate. One says that running plants on LNG is not feas

The Neurobiology of Genius Essay -- Biology Essays Research Papers

Genius: The Neurobiology of Giftedness Toby Rosenberg, in all the five years of his life, has never been your typical toddler. At age 14 months, Toby could read aloud from posters his stroller passed by. A year later, he spoke both Polish and English fluently, and at the age of 4, he compiled a dictionary of hieroglyphics after visiting a museum shop and perusing through a book on ancient Egypt (1). From W.A. Mozart to Bobby Fisher to Toby Rosenberg, some children have since their birth amazed the world with their incredible intellect and abilities that can at times outdo even the brightest of adults. Why is this so, and, as many parents-to-be wonder, can a genius be created? It is evident that when a child's mental development is displayed far beyond the usual time, the only reasonable explanation is that the brain and nervous system are much more highly developed than is normal for the age (2). Some scientists believe that there are quantitative differences in these children's cerebral organization, and that these diffe rences may possibly have a genetic link. However, although results seem to indicate this as so, more data is needed to establish this firmly and to ultimately explain why so few children have such gifted abilities. First, however, one must have a clear notion of what is meant by giftedness. Only the top 2-5 % of children in the world are truly gifted. These children are precocious, self-instructing, can intuit solutions without resorting to logical, linear steps, and have an incredible interest in an area or more that they focus so intently on, that they may lose sense of the outside world (3). Early reading and development of abstract thought are typical characteristics as well. The acceleration of ment... ...cience and human genetics concerned with human learning, memory, and intellectual developments which have implications in gifted education. http://www.edfac.unimelb.edu.au/LED/GDE/brain.html 6)Raising Albert: Can studying dead brains ever tell us anything about genius?, Environmental factors may be a source of Einstein's genius. http://www.newscientist.com/ns/19990626/editorial.html 7)TI: Mental rotation and the right hemisphere, Abstract of research findings regarding enhanced development of the right cerebral hemisphere and its connection to extreme intellectual giftedness. http://www.soton.ac.uk/~crime/Mathematics_brain.html 8) Wetware: The Biological Basis of Intellectual Giftedness, A thorough analysis of the parts of the brain and their related systems in comparison to the intellectually gifted. http://www.hoagiesgifted.org/montage/v1n4p3.html The Neurobiology of Genius Essay -- Biology Essays Research Papers Genius: The Neurobiology of Giftedness Toby Rosenberg, in all the five years of his life, has never been your typical toddler. At age 14 months, Toby could read aloud from posters his stroller passed by. A year later, he spoke both Polish and English fluently, and at the age of 4, he compiled a dictionary of hieroglyphics after visiting a museum shop and perusing through a book on ancient Egypt (1). From W.A. Mozart to Bobby Fisher to Toby Rosenberg, some children have since their birth amazed the world with their incredible intellect and abilities that can at times outdo even the brightest of adults. Why is this so, and, as many parents-to-be wonder, can a genius be created? It is evident that when a child's mental development is displayed far beyond the usual time, the only reasonable explanation is that the brain and nervous system are much more highly developed than is normal for the age (2). Some scientists believe that there are quantitative differences in these children's cerebral organization, and that these diffe rences may possibly have a genetic link. However, although results seem to indicate this as so, more data is needed to establish this firmly and to ultimately explain why so few children have such gifted abilities. First, however, one must have a clear notion of what is meant by giftedness. Only the top 2-5 % of children in the world are truly gifted. These children are precocious, self-instructing, can intuit solutions without resorting to logical, linear steps, and have an incredible interest in an area or more that they focus so intently on, that they may lose sense of the outside world (3). Early reading and development of abstract thought are typical characteristics as well. The acceleration of ment... ...cience and human genetics concerned with human learning, memory, and intellectual developments which have implications in gifted education. http://www.edfac.unimelb.edu.au/LED/GDE/brain.html 6)Raising Albert: Can studying dead brains ever tell us anything about genius?, Environmental factors may be a source of Einstein's genius. http://www.newscientist.com/ns/19990626/editorial.html 7)TI: Mental rotation and the right hemisphere, Abstract of research findings regarding enhanced development of the right cerebral hemisphere and its connection to extreme intellectual giftedness. http://www.soton.ac.uk/~crime/Mathematics_brain.html 8) Wetware: The Biological Basis of Intellectual Giftedness, A thorough analysis of the parts of the brain and their related systems in comparison to the intellectually gifted. http://www.hoagiesgifted.org/montage/v1n4p3.html

Statistics and Golf Ball

Case Study 1: Par, Inc. Par, Inc. , is a major manufacturer of golf equipments. Management believes that Par’s market share could be increased with the introduction of a cut-resistant, longer-lasting golf ball. Therefore, the research group at Par has been investigating a new golf ball coating designed to resist cuts and provide a more durable golf. The tests with the coating have been promising. One of the researchers voiced concern about the effect of the new coating on driving distances. Par would like the new cut-resistant ball to offer driving distances comparable to those of the current-model golf ball.To compare the driving distances for the two balls, 40 balls of both the new and current models were subjected to distance tests. The testing was performed with a mechanical hitting machine so that any difference between the mean distanced for the two models could be attributed to a difference in the two models. The results of the tests, with distances measured to the near est yard, follow. These data are available on the excel file â€Å"Golf†. Managerial Report 1. Formulate and present the rationale for the hypothesis test that par could use to compare the driving distances of the current and new golf balls. . Analyze the data to provide the hypothesis testing conclusion. What is the p-value for the test? What is your recommendation for Par, Inc.? 3. Provide descriptive statistical summaries of the data for each model. 4. What is the 95% confidence interval for the population mean of each model, and what is the 95% CI for the difference between the means of the two populations? 5. Do you see a need for the larger sample sizes and more testing with the golf balls? Discuss. Case Study 2: Higher Education in Asia-Pacific The pursuit of a higher education degree in business is now international.A survey shows that more and more Asians choose the MBA degree route to corporate success. The number of applicants for MBA courses at Asia-Pacific school s continues to increase about 30% a year. In 1997, the 74 business school in Asia-Pacific region reported a record 170,000 applicants for the 11,000 full time MBA degrees to be awarded in 1999. A main reason for the surge in demand is that an MBA can greatly enhance earning power. Across the region, thousands of Asians show an increasing willingness to temporarily shelve their careers and spend two years in pursuit of a theoretical business qualification.Courses in these schools are notoriously tough and include economics, banking, marketing, behavior sciences, labour relations, decision making, strategic thinking, business law, and more. The data named â€Å"Asian† shows some of characteristics of the leading Asia-Pacific business schools. Managerial Report Use the methods of descriptive statistics to summarise the data. Discuss your finding. 1. Include the summary for each variable in the data set. Make comments and interpretations based on maximums and minimums, as well as the appropriate means and proportions.What new insight do these descriptive statistics provide concerning Asian-Pacific business schools. 2. Summarise the data to compare the following: a. Any difference between local and foreign tuition costs. b. Any difference between mean starting salaries for schools requiring and not requiring work experience. c. Any difference between mean starting salaries for schools requiring and not requiring English tests. 3. Do starting salaries appear to be related to tuition? 4. Present any additional graphical and numerical summaries that will be beneficial in communicating the dataset and others.